美國有一套書叫作《你的N年級孩子應該知道什麼》，很受歡迎。雖然學校的老師不一定完全按照它上面的內容講授，但大體上反映了學校裡應該學到的東西了。一般開學時老師會建議家長買這本書，然後配合學校輔導。這套書有給學前班、一年級、二年級、三年級、四年級、五年級這些年級的。比如，一年級的書名就是"What Your First Grader Needs to Know"。
小東升現在正在上一年級，我就把一年級的內容翻譯一下。翻譯的不好，所以把英文原文也抄下來，請網友們幫助東升修改吧。
目錄
I. 語言和文學 (Language and Literature)
一年級學生的讀、寫 (Reading, Writing, and Your First Grader)
教孩子閱讀，注意平衡 (Traching Children to Read: The Need for a Balanced Approach)
學習閱讀和寫作 (Learning to Read and Write)
讀寫的目標：從學前班到一年級 (Goals for Reading and Writing: From Kindergarten to First Grade)
一個好的一年級教學計畫是什麼樣的？ (What Does a Good FIrst-Grade Program Do?)
家長如何幫助？ (What Parents Can Do to Help?)
文學 (Literature)
引言 (Introduction)
大聲朗讀 (Read-Aloud Activities)
詩歌 (Poetry)
傳統民謠 (Traditional Rhymes)
小沙利沃克 (Little Sally Walker)
如果願望能變馬 (If Wishes Were Horses)
紅心女王 (The Queen of Hearts)
三個聰明人 (Three Wise Men of Gotham)
所羅門.格蘭門 (Solomon Grundy)
九月有三十天 (Thirty Days Hath September)
繞口令 (Tongue Twisters) (東升註：我曾經寫過英文有關繞口令的博文)
謎語歌謠 (Riddle Rhymes)
更多給一年級的詩 (More Poems for First Grade)
牧場 (The Pasture)
希望 (Hope)
一個好遊戲 (A Good Play)
裁縫 (The Swing)
青蛙 (The Frog)
紫色的牛 (The Purple Cow)
我知道所有動物發出的聲音 (I Know All the Sounds That the Animals Make)
貓頭鷹和小貓咪 (The Owl and the Pussy-cat)
我的影子 (My Shadow)
跳繩歌謠 (Rope Rhyme)
餐桌禮儀 (Table manners)
唱首人們的歌 (Sing a Song of People)
華盛頓 (Washington)
雲肯、布林肯與諾德 (Wynken, Blynken, and Nod)
感恩節 (Thanksgiving Day)
伊索寓言 (Aesop's Fables)
狼來了 (The Boy Who Cried Wolf)
狐狸和葡萄 (The Fox and the Grapes)
馬槽中的狗 (The Dog in the Manger)
賣牛奶的女孩 (The Maid and the Milk Pail)
披著羊皮的狼 (The Wolf in Sheep's Clothing)
下金蛋的鵝(The Goose That Laid the Golden Eggs)
故事 (Stories)
所有的故事都是阿南西的 (All Stories Are Anansi's)
在堤防上的男孩 (The Boy at the Dike)
兄弟兔得到了兄弟狐狸的晚餐 (Brer Rabbit Gets Brer Fox's Dinner)
青蛙王子 (The Frog Prince)
奇幻森林歷險記 (Hansel and Gretel)
跳跳虎的早餐 (In Which Tigger Comes to the Forest and Has Breakfast (from The House at Pooh Corner))
一寸法師: 一寸少年 (Issum Boshi: One-Inch Boy)
拇指湯姆 (Tom Thumb)
事情總可能變得更糟(It Could Always Be Worse)
傑克與仙豆 (Jack and the Beanstalk)
膝蓋高的人 (The Knee-High Man)
半雞 (Medio Pollito)
花衣魔笛手 (The Pied Piper of Hamelin)
匹諾槽 (Pinocchio)
公主與豌豆 (The Princess and the Pea)
穿靴子的貓 (Puss-in-Boots)
長發姑娘 (Rapunzel)
爛皮兒踩高蹺皮兒 (Rumpelstiltskin)
睡美人 (Sleeping Beauty)
彼得兔的故事 (The Tale of Peter Rabbit)
為什麼貓頭鷹有雙大眼睛 (Why the Owl Has Big Eyes)
戲劇 (Drama)
狼來了：戲劇（The Boy Who Cried Wolf: A Drama)
日常俗話 (Family Saying)
一天一蘋果，醫生不上門 (An apple a day keeps the doctor away.)
己所欲，施與人 (Do unto others as you would have them do unto you.) （東升註：西方的「金科玉律」）
正中要害 (Hit the nail on the head.)
一次不成功，努力再努力 (If at first you don't succeed, try, try again.)
挪得之地 (Land of Nod.) （東升註：引申為「夢鄉」）
讓那隻貓從口袋裡出來 (Let the cat out of the bag.) （東升註：它的實際意思是：在不小心的情況下瀉露了秘密）
多多益善 (The more the merrier.)
今天能做的事今天做 (Never leave till tomorrow what you can do today.)
熟能生巧 (Practice makes perfect.)
沒有比家更好的地方 (There's no place like home.)
II. 歷史和地理 (History and Geography)
引言 (Introduction)
世界歷史和地理 (World History and Geography)
歷史：每個人的故事 (History: everyone's Story)
冰川時代：人類在遷移 (The Ice Age: Humans on the Move)
埃及：尼羅河的禮物 (Egypt: Gift of the Nile)
異想天開的法老和不可思議的遺蹟(Fantastic Pharaohs and Marvelous Monuments)
像形文字：用圖畫寫字 (Hieroglyphics: Picture Writing)
沿尼羅河而下 (A Journey Down the Nile)
法老王圖特的寶藏 (The Treasures of King Tut)
兩河流域 - 又一個禮物 (Mesopotamia - Another Gift)
什麼是金字神塔？(What's a Ziggurat?)
一個領袖和法律 (A Leader and the Laws)
宗教：不同人的不同信仰 (Religions: What Different People Believe)
猶太教 (Judaism)
摩西的故事 (The Story of Moses)
基督教 (Christianity)
第一個聖誕(The First Christmas)
基督教師：好撒瑪利亞人的寓言(Jesus the Teacher: The Parable of the Good Samaritan)
復活節 (Easter)
伊斯蘭教 (Islam)
美國歷史和地理 (American History and Geography)
過大陸橋 (Crossing the Land Bridge)
叢林中的城市：瑪雅 (Cities in the Jungle: The Maya)
湖中的城市：阿茲特克(City in the Lake: The Aztecs)
雲中的城市：印加 (Cities in the Clouds: The Incredible Inca)
歐洲人的到來 (The Arrival of the Europeans)
西班牙統治者 (The Spanish Conquerors)
為什麼西班牙人戰勝了？(Why Did the Spanish Win?)
墨西哥的今天 (Mexico Today)
然後是英國(And Then Came England)
失卻的殖民地 (The Lost Colony)
最後的英國殖民地：詹姆斯敦(A Lasting English Colony: Jamestown)
風中奇緣 (Pocahontas)
新移民 (The Pilgrims)
清教徒(The Puritans)
奴隸來到殖民地 (Slavery Comes to the Colonies)
十三個殖民地 (Thirteen Colonies)
殖民地居民和國王 (The Colonist and the King)
波斯頓茶黨 (The Boston Tea Party)
與母國戰鬥？ (A Fight with Mother?)
(The Midnight Ride of Paul Revere)
一個國家的誕生 - 1776年7月4日 (A Nation Is Born - July 4, 1776)
幾個革命家 (Some Revolutionary Lives)
一個發明家：苯.富蘭克林 (An Inventive Man: Ben Franklin)
一個勇敢的婦女：黛博拉.桑普森 (A Courageous Woman: Deborah Sampson)
一個為了自由的詩人：菲莉斯-惠特莉 (A Poet for Freedom: Phillis Wheatley)
國父：喬治·華盛頓 (A Father to His Country: George Washington)
「叫它麥克羅尼」 ("And called it macaroni"!)
所有人的自由？ (Freedom for All?)
美洲在發展 (America Grows)
多好的交易！購買路易斯安那(What a Bargain! The Louisiana Purchase)
向前看 (Looking Ahead)
III. 視覺藝術 (Visual Arts) 引言 (Introduction)
人類創作藝術已經很長時間了 (People Have Been Making Art for a Very Long Time)
繽紛的世界 (A World of Color)
畫線條 (Get in Line!)
畫圖形 (Get in Shape!)
質地：哦，如此的感覺！(Texture: Oh, What a Feeling!)
好好看：肖像 (Looking Good: Portraits)
自畫像：好好看看你自己 (Self-Portraits: Take a Good Look at Yourself)
靜物畫 (Hold Still!)
壁畫：畫在牆上的畫 (Murals: Paintings on Walls)
IV. 音樂 (Music)
引言 (Introduction)
樂器和樂器分類 (Instruments and Their Families)
管弦樂團 (The Orchestra)
偉大的作曲家 (Great Composers)
莫扎特，一個wonder男孩 ("Mozart the Wonder Boy")
音樂可以講述故事 (Music Can Tell a Story)
音樂舞台劇：歌劇 (Dramas with Music: Opera)
音樂可以讓你運動 (Music Can Make You Move)
爵士音樂 (jazz)
旋律與和聲 (Melody and Harmony)
我有了節奏 (I've Got Rhythm!)
音樂的讀寫 (Reading and Writing Music)
一些受人喜愛的歌曲 (A Few Favorite Songs)
美麗的美利堅 (America, the Beautiful)
Blow the Man Down
蟑螂歌 (La Cucaracha (The cockroach))
比利男孩 (Billy Boy)
走在河灘上 (Down by the Riverside)
他是一個快樂的好小夥 (For He's a Jolly Good Fellow)
流入山谷 (Down in the Valley)
Dry Bones
兩隻老虎 (Frere Jacques/Brother John) (東升註：中文翻譯時，歌詞和歌名全都該了。)
麥克划船上岸 (Michael, Row the Boat Ashore)
在老斯莫基山頂上 (On Top of Old Smoky)
她將繞過這座山脈過來 (She'll be Commin' Round the Mountain)
跳躍的靈魂 (Skip to my Lou) (東升註：此處翻譯可能不准)
我的水桶有一個洞 (There's a Hole in the Bucket)
帶我出去看球賽 (Take Me Out to the Ball Game)
V. 數學 (Mathematics)
引言 (Introduction)
模式和分類 (Patterns and Classifications)
數和數的認知 (Numbers and Number Sense)
從一到十 (Numbers from 1 to 10)
多一個和少一個 (One More and One Less)
序數 (Numbers for Things in Order)
整數的數位 (Place Value)
從20到100的整數的數位 (Place Value from 21 to 100)
一百以下數數 (Counting to 100)
十二是一打 (Twelve Is a Dozen)
大於和小於 (Greater Than and Less Than)
課堂練習: 以前和以後 (Activity: Before and After)
課堂練習: 數字卡片遊戲 (Activity: Number Flesh Card Activities)
圖形的使用 (Using Graphs)
分數 (Fractions)
課堂練習: 用骰子做加法(Activity: dicey addition)
三個數的加法 (Adding Three Numbers)
減法：拿走後剩下差數 (Subtraction: Taking Away Leaves the Difference)
比較差與和 (Comparing Differences and Sums)
加減法的幾組基本性質 (Fact family)
課堂練習: 找出神秘數 (Activity: Find the Mystery Number)
課堂練習: 加減的故事 (Activity: Addition and Subtraction Stories)
課堂練習: 一百以內數表 (Activity: a Hundred Table)
兩位數加法 (Two-digit Addition)
兩位數減法 (Two-digit Subtraction)
計算 (Computation)
12以內加法 (Addition Facts to 12)
0到12的減法 (Subtraction Facts from 0 to 12)
錢 (Money)
課堂練習: 硬幣組合 (Activity: Coin Combinations)
幾何 (Geometry)
平面圖形和立體圖形 (Flat and Solid Shapes)
課堂練習: (Activity: Simon Says)
度量 (Measurement)
日曆 (Calendar Time)
課堂練習: (Activity: Telling Time)
VI. 科學 (Science)
引言 (Introduction)
生物和它們的□息地 Living Things and Their Habitats)
森林□息地 (The Forest Habitat)
地下□息地 (The Underground Habitat)
沙漠□息地 (The Desert Habitat)
水□息地 (Water Habitats)
食物鏈 (The Food Chain)
動物和植物需要它們自己的□息地，所以我們要小心 (Animals and Plants Need Their Habitats, So Be Careful)
已經消失但仍然受關注的生物：恐龍 (Extinct but Still Popular: Dinosaurs)
海洋和海面下的生活 (Oceans and Undersea Life)
海洋和潮水 (The Oceans and the Tides)
洋流 (Ocean Currents)
海底 (Under the Ocean)
人類和海洋世界 (Humans and the Ocean World)
人體 (The Human Body)
骨架系統 (The Skeletal System)
肌肉系統 (The Muscular System)
循環系統 (Circulatory System)
消化系統 (The Digestive System)
神經系統 (The Nervous System)
生病和健康 (In Sickness and in Health)
保護自己的身體 (Take Care of Your Body)
物質：固體、液體、氣體 (Matter: Solid, Liquid, and Gas)
空氣是物質 (Air Is Matter)
物質狀態的變化 (Changing States of Matter)
度量：多長、多多、多熱 (Measurement: How Long, How Much, How Hot)
度量單位 (Units of Measurement)
多長和多高？ (How Long? How Tall?)
佔據多少空間？ (How Much Space DOes It Fill?)
杯、誇特、加侖 (Cups, Quarts, and Gallons)（東升註：一杯 = ？美國人仍然使用英制)
溫度：多熱、多冷？(Temperature: How Hot? How Cold?)
電：簡介 (Eletricity: An Introduction to the Shocking Facts)
靜電 (Static Electricity)
開和關 (On and Off)
導體 (COnductors)
試驗：什麼導電？ (An Experiment: What Conduct?)
與電有關的安全知識 (Safety Rules Around Electricity)
天文：太陽系 (Astronomy: Our Solar System)
我們的太陽系 (Our Solar System)
月球 (The Moon)
星座：用線鏈接起來的星星 (Constellations: Connect-the-Dot Stars)
我們的巨大、轉動著和移動著的地球 (Our Big, Round, Moving earth)
試驗：是什麼造成了白天和黑夜？(An Experiment: What Makes Day and Night?)
回到地球來 (Down to Earth)
地球的內部 (Inside the Earth)
地球是由不同的岩石組成 (The Earth Makes Different Kinds of Rocks)
地球上的重要礦物 (The Earth's Important Minerals)
科學家的故事 (Stories About Scientists)
愛德華·詹納(Edward Jenner)
路易·巴斯德(Louis Pasteur)
托馬斯·愛迪生(Thomas Edison)
蕾切爾·卡遜(Rachel Carson)
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