【川普】暂停F和J签证 严审中国留学生和研究者(全文翻译)(视频)

（图片来源：白宫视频截图）

【williamhill官网 2020年5月31日讯】（williamhill官网 记者天琴翻译）5月29日，美国总统川普发布，关于暂停部分中国学生和研究人员作为非移民入境的行政命令公告。该行政命令将于2020年6月1日起生效。

川普总统判断，某些想通过F或J签证进入美国进行学习或从事研究的中国人入境，将有害于美国利益，威胁美国人民安全。

以下是全文翻译。

PROCLAMATIONS
公告

Proclamation on the Suspension of Entry as Nonimmigrants of Certain Students and Researchers from the People’s Republic of China 
关于暂停部分中华人民共和国学生和研究人员作为非移民入境的公告

NATIONAL SECURITY & DEFENSE
国家安全与国防

Issued on: May 29, 2020
发布日期：2020年5月29日

The People’s Republic of China (PRC) is engaged in a wide ranging and heavily resourced campaign to acquire sensitive United States technologies and intellectual property, in part to bolster the modernization and capability of its military, the People’s Liberation Army (PLA).  The PRC’s acquisition of sensitive United States technologies and intellectual property to modernize its military is a threat to our Nation’s long-term economic vitality and the safety and security of the American people.
中华人民共和国（中共）正在进行规模广泛而资源雄厚的活动，以获取敏感的美国技术和知识产权，部分是为了增强其军队，即人民解放军（中共军队）的现代化和能力。中国（中共）获得敏感的美国技术和知识产权以使其军队现代化，这威胁到我们国家的长期经济活力以及美国人民的安全与保障。

The PRC authorities use some Chinese students, mostly post graduate students and post-doctorate researchers, to operate as non-traditional collectors of intellectual property.  Thus, students or researchers from the PRC studying or researching beyond the undergraduate level who are or have been associated with the PLA are at high risk of being exploited or co-opted by the PRC authorities and provide particular cause for concern.  In light of the above, I have determined that the entry of certain nationals of the PRC seeking to enter the United States pursuant to an F or J visa to study or conduct research in the United States would be detrimental to the interests of the United States.
中国（中共）当局利用一些中国学生，主要是研究生和博士后研究人员，来作为非传统性质的知识产权获取者。因此，与中国人民解放军（中共军队）有联系或曾经与中国人民解放军（中共军队）有联系的，来自中国的本科以上的中国学生或研究人员具有很高风险被中国当局利用或选择，这是引起特别关注的原因。鉴于上述情况，我判断，某些想通过F或J签证进入美国进行学习或从事研究的中国国民入境，将有害于美国利益。

NOW, THEREFORE, I, DONALD J. TRUMP, President of the United States, by the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including sections 212(f) and 215(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA), 8 U.S.C. 1182(f) and 1185(a), and section 301 of title 3, United States Code, hereby find that the unrestricted entry into the United States as nonimmigrants of persons described in section 1 of this proclamation would, except as provided for in section 2 of this proclamation, be detrimental to the interests of the United States, and that their entry should be subject to certain restrictions, limitations, and exceptions.  I therefore hereby proclaim the following:
现在，我，美国总统唐纳德•J•川普，根据美国宪法和法律赋予我的权力（包括《移民和国籍法》INA），第212（f）和215（a）条）和《国籍法》（INA），以及《美国法典》（8 USC）1182（f）和1185（a）条以及第301章第3条），认定，本公告第1节所述的人作为非移民者无限制地进入美国将有害于美国利益，应该受到某种约束、限制和例外规定，除非本公告第2节另有规定。因此，我在此宣布以下内容：

Section 1.  Suspension and Limitation on Entry.  The entry into the United States as a nonimmigrant of any national of the PRC seeking to enter the United States pursuant to an F or J visa to study or conduct research in the United States, except for a student seeking to pursue undergraduate study, and who either receives funding from or who currently is employed by, studies at, or conducts research at or on behalf of, or has been employed by, studied at, or conducted research at or on behalf of, an entity in the PRC that implements or supports the PRC’s “military-civil fusion strategy” is hereby suspended and limited subject to section 2 of this proclamation.  For the purposes of this proclamation, the term “military-civil fusion strategy” means actions by or at the behest of the PRC to acquire and divert foreign technologies, specifically critical and emerging technologies, to incorporate into and advance the PRC’s military capabilities.
第1节。暂停和进入限制。寻求通过F或J签证进入美国学习或从事研究的任何中国公民的非移民入境美国，但寻求本科学习的学生除外，并且从实施或支持的中国（中共）实体接受资金或由其聘用，目前在其工作或以其名义从事研究，或已受该实体实施或支持的实体受雇，在该实体进行研究或以其名义进行研究，该实体在实施或支持中华人民共和国（中共）的“军民融合战略”，这些人的入境将因此被中止，并受本公告第2节的限制。就本公告而言，“军民融合战略”一词是指中国（中共）采取或应中国（中共）的指示，采取行动，获取和转移外国技术，特别是关键的和新兴的技术，以纳入和提高中国（中共）的军事能力。

Sec. 2. Scope of Suspension and Limitation on Entry.
第2节。暂停范围和进入限制。

(a) Section 1 of this proclamation shall not apply to:
（a）本公告第1节不适用于：

(i) any lawful permanent resident of the United States;
（i）美国的任何合法永久居民；

(ii) any alien who is the spouse of a United States citizen or lawful permanent resident;
（ii）任何外国人其配偶是美国公民或合法永久居民；

(iii) any alien who is a member of the United States Armed Forces and any alien who is a spouse or child of a member of the United States Armed Forces;
（iii）任何是美国武装部队成员的外国人以及任何是美国武装部队成员的配偶或子女的外国人；

(iv) any alien whose travel falls within the scope of section 11 of the United Nations Headquarters Agreement or who would otherwise be allowed entry into the United States pursuant to United States obligations under applicable international agreements;
（iv）任何其旅行属于《联合国总部协定》第11条范围之内的外国人，或根据适用的国际协定所规定的美国义务被允许进入美国的任何外国人；

(v) any alien who is studying or conducting research in a field involving information that would not contribute to the PRC’s military civil fusion strategy, as determined by the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Homeland Security, in consultation with the appropriate executive departments and agencies (agencies);
（v）经国务卿和国土安全部长确定，在与有关信息无助于中国（中共）军民融合战略的领域中学习或进行研究的任何外国人，请与有关行政部门协商和机构（机构）协商；

(vi) any alien whose entry would further important United States law enforcement objectives, as determined by the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Homeland Security, or their respective designees, based on a recommendation of the Attorney General or his designee; or
（vi）经司法部长或司法部长指定人员推荐，根据国务卿，国土安全部长或其各自指定人员确认，其入境将进壹步促进美国重要的执法目标的任何外国人；或者

(vii) any alien whose entry would be in the national interest, as determined by the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Homeland Security, or their respective designees.
（vii）由国务卿，国土安全部长或其各自指定人员确定的，符合国家利益的任何外国人。

(b) Nothing in this proclamation shall be construed to limit the ability of an individual to seek asylum, refugee status, withholding of removal, or protection under the Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, consistent with the laws of the United States.
（b）本公告中的任何内容均不得解释为限制个人根据法律禁止寻求庇护，难民身份，扣留遣返或根据《禁止酷刑和其它残忍，不人道或有辱人格的待遇或处罚公约》提供保护的能力。这些与美国法律是相一致的。

Sec. 3. Implementation and Enforcement. 
第3节。实施和执行。

(a) Persons covered by sections 1 or 2 of this proclamation shall be identified by the Secretary of State or the Secretary of State’s designee, in his or her sole discretion, pursuant to such standards and procedures as the Secretary of State may establish.  For purposes of subsections 2(a)(v), 2(a)(vi), and 2(a)(vii) of this proclamation, the Secretary of State shall provide for identifications of aliens based on the further determinations and recommendations provided for in those subsections by the Attorney General and the Secretary of Homeland Security.
（a）本公告第1节或第2节所涵盖的人员，应由国务卿或国务卿指定人员根据国务卿制定的标准和程序，全权酌情确定。为了本公告第2（a）（v），2（a）（vi）和2（a）（vii）小节的规定，国务卿应根据所提供的进壹步确定和建议规定对外国人的身份证明，基于司法部长长和国土安全部部长所提供的这些小节中的规定和建议。

(b) The Secretary of State shall implement this proclamation as it applies to visas pursuant to such procedures as the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of Homeland Security, may establish in the Secretary of State’s discretion.  The Secretary of Homeland Security shall implement this proclamation as it applies to the entry of aliens pursuant to such procedures as the Secretary of Homeland Security, in consultation with the Secretary of State, may establish in the Secretary of Homeland Security’s discretion.
（b）国务卿应与国土安全部长协商，由国务卿酌情按本公告决定执行适当签证。国土安全部部长应与国务卿协商，由国土安全部部长自行决定的程序，执行适用于外国人入境的这壹公告。

(c) An alien who circumvents the application of this proclamation through fraud, willful misrepresentation of a material fact, or illegal entry shall be a priority for removal by the Department of Homeland Security.
（c）通过欺诈，故意虚假陈述重大事实或非法入境来规避本公告的外国人，应首先由国土安全部遣返。

Sec. 4. Termination.  This proclamation shall remain in effect until terminated by the President.  The Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary of Homeland Security, may at any time recommend that the President continue, modify, or terminate this proclamation.
第4节。终止。该公告将持续有效直至被总统终止。国务卿可在与国土安全部长协商后，可以随时建议总统继续，修改或终止该声公告。

Sec. 5. Effective Date.  This proclamation is effective at 12:00 p.m. eastern daylight time on June 1, 2020.
第5节。生效日期。该公告于下午12:00pm。生效。美国东部夏令时为2020年6月1日。

Sec. 6. Additional Measures. 
第6节。附加措施。

(a) The Secretary of State shall consider, in the Secretary’s discretion, whether nationals of the PRC currently in the United States pursuant to F or J visas and who otherwise meet the criteria described in section 1 of this proclamation should have their visas revoked pursuant to section 221(i) of the INA, 8 U.S.C. 1201(i).
（a）国务卿应在其权限之内酌情考虑，根据F或J签证现居美国的中国公民以及其他符合本公告第1节所述标准的国民，是否应被吊销其签证，根据《移民及国籍法》（INA）的221（i）和《美国法典》（8 USC ）的1201（i）。

(b) Within 60 days of the effective date of this proclamation, the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Homeland Security, in consultation with the heads of appropriate agencies, shall review nonimmigrant and immigrant programs and shall recommend to the President, through the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, any other measures requiring Presidential action that would mitigate the risk posed by the PRC’s acquisition of sensitive United States technologies and intellectual property.
（b）在本公告生效之日起60天内，国务卿和国土安全部长应与有关机构负责人协商，审查非移民和移民计划，并应通过总统国家安全事务助手，向总统推荐任何需要总统采取行动的措施，以减小中国（中共）购买敏感的美国技术和知识产权带来的风险。

(c) The Secretary of State and the Secretary of Homeland Security shall, within the scope of their respective authorities and in coordination with the heads of appropriate agencies, take action to further mitigate the risk posed by the PRC’s acquisition of sensitive United States technologies and intellectual property.  The Secretary of State and the Secretary of Homeland Security shall report to the President, within 60 days of the effective date of this proclamation, through the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, any such planned and executed actions.
（c）国务卿和国土安全部长应在其各自职权范围内，并与有关机构负责人协调，采取行动，进壹步减轻中国收购敏感的美国技术和知识产权带来的风险。国务卿和国土安全部长应在本公告生效之日起60天内，通过总统国家安全事务助理向总统报告任何对被本公告的计划和执行的行动。

(d) The Secretary of State and the Secretary of Homeland Security shall consider issuing updated regulations and guidance, as appropriate, implementing the inadmissibility provisions in section 212(a)(3)(D) of the INA, 8 U.S.C. 1182(a)(3)(D).
（d）国务卿和国土安全部长应考虑发布适当的威廉亚洲官网 法规和指南，以实施《移民和国籍法》（INA）第212（a）（3）（D）和《美国法典》（8 U.S.C.）第8篇 1182（a）（3）（D）。

Sec. 7. General Provisions. 
第7节。壹般规定。

(a) Nothing in this proclamation shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:
（a）本公告中的任何内容均不得解释为损害或以其他方式影响：

(i) the authority granted by law to an executive department or agency, or the head thereof; or
（i）法律授予执行部门或机构或其负责人的权力；或者

(ii) the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.
（ii）管理和预算局局长的功能，以及与预算、行政或立法提案有关的职能。

(b) This proclamation shall be implemented consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations.
（b）本公告应根据适用法律并在有拨款的情况下执行。

(c) This proclamation is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.
（c）此公告无意也不会创造任何权利或利益，无论是实体还是程序上的任何权利或利益，本公告的执行可针对美国的任何单位，其部门，机关或实体，其高级职员，雇员，工作人员，代理人员或任何其他人。

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this twenty-ninth day of May, in the year of our Lord two thousand twenty, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and forty-fourth.
特此通知，在5月的第29天，即我们的主的2,000年，以及美利坚合众国第244年庄严宣布。

DONALD J. TRUMP
唐纳德•J•川普
_________________________________
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