如何看懂英语量词(williamhill官网 )
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一、指事物形状的单位词:
1、条状,块状
bar较规则形状的长方块,长方条例:a bar of chocolate/soap/goad/iron/candy
block大块的木头/金属/石头等,常指至少有一面是平面的块。
例:a block of ice(海中漂的大块冰)/marble
cake规则的方块,形似切好的方块蛋糕
例:a cake of soap/ice(冰冻而成的规则冰块)
lump无固定形状的块状例:a lump of sugar(散装的糖结成的块)/earth/coal
loaf规则形状的大长方块,常指未切片的大块长面包或腌肉
例:a loaf of bread/bacon
grain细小的颗粒例:a grain of salt/sand
strip狭长的一块,常指土地或布等材料的形状例:a strip of land/cloth
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2、片状,薄页状
piece从大的物体上分离下来的薄片状或一小段,一小截,也用来说明抽象名词的数,如一条新闻,建议等。
例:a piece of bread/paper/
sheet原意指床单,用作单位词指床单状相似的薄片状物体
例:a sheet of paper
slice从事物上切下来的薄片例:a slice of bread/bacon
blade原意指刀锋,作单位词指刀片状的狭长且薄的物体例:a blade of grass
cut原作动词切,作单位词指用刀切一下产生的量例: a cut of meat
3、其他形状(都与单位词原始意义相关)
ear植物长出的一部分,如人体与人耳的关系
例:an ear of corn/barley/millet/wheat
drop水滴状(指液体)例:a drop of blood/water/oil/rain
flight排列有序的一段/一溜/队例:a flight of stairs/steps/arrows
speck斑点状大小例:a speck of ink/dirt
stick细长如短棍状例:a stick of chalk/candle
二、指按事物排列置放方式的单位词:
bunch一串/伙指同一性质的事物串在一起的量例:a bunch of keys/grapes/bananas
bundle一捆/扎指事物被绑缚在一起的量例:a bundle of clothes/straw/sticks
cluster一簇/团指丛生的植物或密密匝匝在一起的群
例:a cluster of flowers/bees/islands
packet一小包的量例:a packet of cigarettes
series相关的事物组成的一个系列例:a series of films/lectures
tuft一绺/撮,常指从同一底部而生的物例:a tuft of hair/grass/feathers
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三、与人相关的群的表达单位词:
group泛指各种群体例:a group of people
army为了某一目的自愿组成的团体例:an army of volunteers/soldiers
band常指为同一目的组成的乐队例: a band of musicians
bunch一伙干坏事的人例: a bunch of rascals
gang一帮/伙犯罪团伙例:a gang of thieves
batch指一批加入的成员例:a batch of recruits
bench常指一条长椅坐满的人的数例:a bench of examiners/judges
board常指会议或委员会全班人马或全体委员例: a board of directors
choir常指合唱团或唱诗班例: a choir of singers
congregation常指定期的宗教性质的集会例: a congregation of prayers
crew常指在一条船上或同一飞机上的工作人员例: a crew of sailors
crowd常指拥挤的人群例:a crowd of people
mob常指混乱无秩序的暴动的人群例:a mob of demonstrators
pack一伙(贬义)例: a pack of thieves
party指出席晚会的所有来宾例: a party of guests
staff常指一个单位所有的员工例: a staff of teachers
team常指参赛的团队例:a team of players
troop常指行军中的队伍例:a troop of soldiers
troupe常指演出的班子,团队,尤指芭蕾舞团,马戏团例: a troupe of actors/dancers
四、与动物相关的群的表达单位词:
brood一窝孵出的幼小动物例:a brood of chickens
litter一窝胎生的幼小动物例: a litter of puppies/little pigs
swarm大量的移动中的鸟类或昆虫,尤指蜂王后跟随的蜂群例: a swarm of bees
bevy唧唧喳喳的聚集在一起的大的群体例: a bevy of birds
cluster密密匝匝聚集在一堆的群例: a cluster of bees/ants
flock同一种类的禽类或兽类例: a flock of birds/sheep
herd放牧的动物群或群聚生存的动物群例:a herd of cattle/deer
pack野兽的群体例: a pack of wolves
shoal/school尤指鱼群例:a shoal/school of fish
field遍地的分散的群例:a field of cattle
五、指盛装事物的容积的单位词:
bottle细长的有颈的瓶子盛的量例:a bottle of milk/wine
cup矮的瓷杯,有耳的杯子,常用来盛咖啡或茶的杯子的量例:a cup of tea/coffee
glass常用来盛水或酒的玻璃杯的量例:a glass of water/wine
can/tin常指铝质的装食品或饮料的罐的量例:a can of food/a tin of peas
bucket常指有提手的小提桶的量例:a bucket of water/sand
bowl一碗所盛的量例:a bowl of rice/soup
jar常指陶制的坛子或罐子例:a jar of strawberry jam
truckload/trainload一卡车或一火车所装载的量例:a trainload of goods/coal
六、其它指方式或状态的单位词:
fit常指轻微的疾病如咳嗽的突发,较短暂,也指抑制不住的强烈的感情,冲动
例:a fit of temper/coughing/laughter
peal常指发出的大而宏亮的声音例:a peal of thunder/laughter/lightning
burst常指突发的短暂而巨大的潜力或作的努力例:a burst of cry/speed/energy
flash常指如闪电般迅速短暂的一瞬例:a flash of lightning/light
ray一道/线,常指好事或所希望的事出现的点滴迹
例:a ray of hope/sunshine/comfort
roll常指滚滚的大的声音例:a roll of thunder
a drop of water一滴水
a flood of moonlight一片月光
a wisp of smoke一缕烟
a pane of glass一块玻璃
a layer of rock一层岩石
a cloud of smoke一团烟雾a beam of light一束光线
a blade of grass一片草叶
a block of wood一块木头
a cube of sugar一块方糖
a roll of newspaper一卷报纸
a cone of ice cream一个蛋卷冰淇淋
a bar of chocolate一块巧克力
a stack of hay一堆干草
a loaf of bread一个面包
a grain of rice一粒米
a cake of soap一块肥皂
a dash of salt一撮盐
a coil of wire一卷电线
a ball of wool一个毛线球
a glimmer of hope一线希望
a burst of laughter一阵笑声
a gust of wind一股风
a web of railroad铁路网
a train of thoughts一连串的想法
a nice cup of tea一杯好茶
a thin coat of ice一层薄冰
a stagnant pool of water一潭死水
a beautiful stretch of field一片美丽的原野
a pair of glasses一副眼镜
a pair of scissors一把剪刀
a pair of spectacles一副眼镜
a pair of trousers一条裤子
a pair of pant一条裤子
a pair of pliers一把剪钳
a piece of paper一张纸
a piece of information一条消息
an article of clothes一件衣物
a cup of water一杯水
a packet of cigarettes一盒香烟
a basket of vegetables一篮子蔬菜
an army of elephants一群大象
a pack / throng of wolves一群狼
a batch of dogs一群狗
a brood of chicks一群小鸡
a hive of bees一群蜜蜂
a host of monkeys一群猴子
a school of fish一群鱼
a swarm of locusts一群蝗虫
a team / field of horses一群马
a gang of elks一群驼鹿